Ralph l



R. L. MORSE Sept. 6, 1932,

MAP

Filed July 31, 1930 INVENTOR. W6 J flmz.

ATTORNEY.

Patented Sept. 6, 1932. 7 r p I i i urran STATES r,ni'e laTl OFFICE RALPH L. MORSE, or SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTSI Application filed July 31, 1930'. S ain No. 471,979.

This invention relates to educational ap- Referring now to the drawing in detail the paratus and is directed more particularlyto invention will be more fully described. improvements in the method of producing As shown in Fig. 1 there is provided 21 educational maps and the product thereof. support 2 which has a curved map-support According to the principal objects of this ing surface 3. Preferably according to the invention a map is provided which is curved invention the curvature of this Surface will to represent the curvature of the earth or be such as to represent the actual curvature the curvature of that part of the earths surof that part of the earths surface which is face which is represented by the map and represented by the map. The support may 10 certain portions of the map are elevated so be made from any suitable material and may as to graphically represent the relative elevaof course consist ofany relatively rigid sheet tions of different portions of the earths sur- 7 material such as cardboard or thelike.

faces. By means of the invention one is A map 4 accordingto the method of the inable from a study of the map to vizualize vention is first printed or lithographed to 15 the true appearance of that portion of the havethe necessary geographical designations earths surface which is represented by the which will representmountains, rivers, cities, map, that is, the curvature of the earths sur- I lakes and the like. Since portionsof the map face and the contour thereof which is repreare to be elevated, the geographical designasented by the map are graphically illustrated, tions are, when the map is printed, arranged 20 all to the end that a more thorough underin "inaccurate geographical relation. The

standing of geography is facilitated. reasonfor this will be readily appreciated The novel features of the invention are when it is explained that the finalmap'has accomplished by providing a curved Support portions in relief formed by pressing or moldto which is secured a map having portions ing' the map to provide relatively high and thereof which are in relief. In order to prolow places. With the map printed so that the vide geographical designations for the map designationsarein the necessary inaccurate in their proper relative positions, when the relation, the map is then pressed or ofiset so as map is formed to have the relief portions, to pro ide the necessary elevated portion or the map as a first step is printed with the portions in reli'efwiththe designations then geographical designations in inaccurate geoin aproper geographical relation with respect graphical relation. Then by forming these to'the horizontal-plane of the map. For inrelief portions in the map the geographical stance, as in Fig. 3, the portion of themap designations are brought to their proper rela represented has two mountains 8 and 10, destive position. ignated thereon in inaccurate geographical 35 The preferred form of the invention will relation, so that when the mountains are elenow be described with particular reference vated above the plane of the paper or are to the drawing, wherein: made to appear in relief they will then be in Fig. l is a plan view of a map showing the their correct relative position with reference novel features of the invention. to the horizontal plane of the map as repre- Fig. 2 is a sectional View on the line 22 sented in Figs. 4 and 5. When the printed of Fig. 1 with a portion of the map omitted. map is thus made to have the relief portions, Fig. 3 is a fragmentary plan view of a the geographical indications are brought into map which has been printed and before it proper relative positions wherebythe com- 45 has been subjected to the relief-forming step. pleted final map has portions elevated above Fig. 4 is a similar plan view showing the other portions to explain the relative elevamap as it appears after the parts thereof are tions of the'difi'erent portions. relieved, and The forming of the map in order to provide Fig. 5 is a sectional view on the line 55 the relief portions may be accomplished by 56 of Fig. 4. the means of dies suitably arranged to distort the map. The map of course may be printed on any suitable material, such as paper or other more or less inelastic material, which may be moulded more or less to the form shown in Fig. 5 and when so formed the map will actually have these portions which project above the plane of the map. With the map thus provided with the geographical indications in inaccurate relation and which is then formed or pressed to provide the 'portions in relief, the map is secured to the. curved surface of the support as is shown in Fig. 1.

From the foregoing it will be readily appreciated that by curving the sup ort in a certain way it is possible to provi e a map which actually represents the curvature of that portion ofthe earth which is represented by the map, and by thus elevating portions of the map the relative elevation of the earths surface 'will be graphically represented. In this way the map as finally pro duced will show the actual appearance of the earths surface. This is to be distinguished from the ordinary fiat map which in reality is a distorted representation of the true conditions, while in this case, the true physical conditions of the earths surface are illustrated by the curvature and portions in relief. c

Having described the invention in the form at present preferred, what I now desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

The method of producing an educational map which consists in, printing on a fiat sheetv of relatively inelastic material a map with geographical designations located thereon in inaccurate eographical relationship, shaping said sheet y offsetting the same to provide relief portions thereon and bring said geographical designations into permanent, correct geographical relationship, and finally in securing said shaped sheet to a relatively smooth surface ofa rigid sheet of material which is curved to represent the curvature of the earths surface, all co-operating to provide a final relief map with geographical designations thereon in permanent and proper relief, relative to one another and which is.

curved to represent the curvature of that portion of the earths surface represented by the map.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

RALPH L; MORSE. 

